In the past decade, the well-established psycholoinguistics tradition of behavioural measures to study language production has been increasingly complemented with electrophysiological investigations. As a direct measure of net neuronal activity, the electrophysiological signal has excellent temporal resolution, which is critical for understanding processes that unfold at the subsecond time scale. Here, we provide a selective review of language production studies focusing on various levels of the language-production processing chain, covering not only the more commonly known technique of event-related potentials but also other approaches to characterising the electrophysiological signal. These measures, obtained both intracranially and over the scalp, have provided new insights into language production processes, thus contributing to our current undertanding human’s fascinating ability to speak.